Bridged micro louvers for active privacy screen

ABSTRACT

Disclosed herein are techniques related to privacy at display devices. The techniques include an apparatus having an electroactive privacy layer of a display device. The electroactive privacy layer is configured to restrict a propagation direction of light emission associated with a display layer of the display device. The restriction of propagation is generated by micro louvers formed in the electroactive privacy layer.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a continuation of, claims the benefit of andpriority to previously filed U.S. patent application Ser. No. 16/328,914filed Feb. 27, 2019, entitled “BRIDGED MICRO LOUVERS FOR ACTIVE PRIVACYSCREEN”, which is a national stage application claiming the benefit ofand priority to International Application No. PCT/CN2016/101126 entitled“BRIDGED MICRO LOUVERS FOR ACTIVE PRIVACY SCREEN” filed Sep. 30, 2016,which are hereby incorporated by reference in their entireties.

TECHNICAL FIELD

Embodiments herein generally relate to display devices and particularlyto active privacy screens for display devices.

BACKGROUND

In computer systems, a display device may be used to display variousimage content. In some cases, a display device may include a touchscreen, wherein tactile input can be received at the display device.Detachable privacy screens are sometimes used at display devices torestrict propagation direction of light emitted from the display device.In some cases, the use of privacy screens may inhibit or reducefunctionality of a touch screen associated with the display device.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 illustrates a block diagram of a computing device and a displaydevice including an electroactive privacy layer according to anembodiment.

FIGS. 2A-2B illustrate block diagrams of a display device according toaccording to an embodiment.

FIGS. 3A-3B illustrate block diagrams of an electroactive privacy layeraccording to an embodiment.

FIGS. 4A-4C illustrate block diagrams of an electroactive privacy layeraccording to another embodiment.

FIGS. 5A-5B illustrate block diagrams of an electroactive privacy layeraccording to yet another embodiment.

FIGS. 6A-6B illustrates a block diagram of electrode plates for anelectroactive privacy layer according to an embodiment.

FIGS. 7A-7B illustrates a block diagram of electrode plates for anelectroactive privacy layer according to another embodiment.

FIGS. 8A-8B illustrates a block diagram of electrode plates for anelectroactive privacy layer according to yet another embodiment.

FIG. 9 illustrates a logic flow for activating a privacy mode in anelectroactive privacy layer according to an embodiment.

FIG. 10 illustrates a computer readable medium according to anembodiment.

FIG. 11 illustrates a device according to an embodiment.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Various embodiments described herein are generally directed to privacyat a display device. More specifically, a display device may include anelectroactive privacy layer (EPL). As discussed above, in some cases atouch screen may be implemented within a display device. Generally, atouch screen may include components configured to enable interactionsvia touch, including touch using a stylus, a finger of a user, or thelike. However, conventional privacy screens placed over a display devicemay reduce functionality of the touch screen. Additionally, conventionalprivacy screens incorporated into a display stack of a display deviceare not dynamic. That is, privacy mode is always enabled.

The present disclosure provides an EPL for a display stack of a displaydevice. The EPL may restrict a direction of light propagating throughthe EPL when a “privacy mode” is selected but not restrict the directionof light propagating through the EPL when a “transparent mode” isselected. allow This is described in greater detail below. However, ingeneral, a number of top electrodes and bottom electrodes may beprovided in the EPL. Additionally, a dielectric material may be disposedbetween the top and bottom electrodes. The top and bottom electrodes maybe configured to activate (or deactivate, as described in greater detailbelow) portions of the dielectric material to form micro louvers. Themicro louvers may restrict a propagation direction of light emitted fromthe display stack (e.g., from a display layer of the display stack, orthe like). More specifically, the micro louvers may absorb and diffuselight incident on the micro louvers (e.g., off-angle light emitted fromthe display layer) but not substantially interfere with light notincident on the micro louvers (e.g., on-angle light emitted from thedisplay layer). Said differently, angled viewing of the display devicemay be restricted during the “privacy mode” due to the micro louversabsorbing and diffusing portions of the light emitted from the displaylayer while direct viewing of the display device may be uninhibited.

Reference is now made to the drawings, wherein like reference numeralsare used to refer to like elements throughout. In the followingdescription, for purposes of explanation, numerous specific details areset forth in order to provide a thorough understanding thereof. It maybe evident, however, that the novel embodiments can be practiced withoutthese specific details. In other instances, known structures and devicesare shown in block diagram form in order to facilitate a descriptionthereof. The intention is to provide a thorough description such thatall modifications, equivalents, and alternatives within the scope of theclaims are sufficiently described.

Additionally, reference may be made to variables, such as, “a”, “b”,“c”, which are used to denote components where more than one componentmay be implemented. It is important to note, that there need notnecessarily be multiple components and further, where multiplecomponents are implemented, they need not be identical. Instead, use ofvariables to reference components in the figures is done for convenienceand clarity of presentation.

FIG. 1 illustrates a block diagram of a computing device 100 configuredto initiate a restriction in light propagation associated with a displaydevice. The computing device 100 may be, for example, a laptop computer,a desktop computer, an Ultrabook, a tablet computer, a mobile device, aserver, a TV, a Smart-TV, a home automation device (e.g., a controlpanel, a thermostat, or the like), a wearable computing device (e.g., awatch, glasses, or the like), or the like. The computing device 100 mayinclude a processor device 102 configured to execute storedinstructions, as well as a storage device 104 including a non-transitorycomputer-readable medium, and a memory device 106.

The computing device 100 may also include a graphics processing unit(GPU) 108. In some cases, the GPU 108 is embedded in the processordevice 102. In other cases, the GPU 108 may be a discrete componentrelative to the processor device 102. The GPU 108 may include a cache,and can be configured to perform any number of graphics operationswithin the computing device 100. For example, the GPU 108 may beconfigured to render or manipulate graphics images, graphics frames,videos, or the like, to be displayed to a user of the computing device100 at a display device 110. Displaying image data may be carried out byone or more engines 114 of the GPU 108, a display driver 116, a displayinterface 118, and the like.

The display device 110 may be implemented as an external display deviceto the computing device 100, as an internal display device to thecomputing device 100, or any combination thereof. In any case, thedisplay device may include a display stack 120 including a number ofcomponents arranged to form the display. For example, the display stack120 may include at least an electroactive privacy layer (EPL) 122 and adisplay layer 124. The display stack 120 may also include othercomponents, for example, a touch sensitive layer (e.g., refer to FIGS.2A-2B). The display layer 124 may be a component of a display screenconfigured to emit light, such as a light emitting diode (LED) display,a liquid crystal display, an electronic paper display, an organic LED(OLED) display, a plasma display, or the like.

The EPL 122 may be composed of a number of top and bottom electrodes anda dielectric material disposed between the top and bottom electrodes. Insome examples, the dielectric material may be optically anisotropicbirefringence polymer, an electrically anisotropic dielectric polymer,or an optically anisotropic birefringence and electrically anisotropicdielectric polymer. Examples of the EPL 122 are given in greater detailbelow. In general, however, the EPL 122 may be configured to have a“privacy mode” and a “transparent mode.” In particular, the microlouvers (refer to FIGS. 3A-3B) may be configured to turn “on” and “off”based on a voltage differential between the top and bottom electrodes torestrict a propagation direction of light emitted from the display layer124 of the display stack 120.

In some cases, the EPL 122 may be controlled by a controller 126. Thecontroller 126 may be implemented as circuitry, comprising a combinationof logical elements. In other cases, the controller 126 may beimplemented as a portion of software stored in the storage device 104,as software or firmware instructions of the display driver 116, thedisplay interface 118, the engines 114 of the GPU 108, the processordevice 102, any other suitable controller, or any combination thereof.The controller 126 may be configured to operate independently, inparallel, distributed, or as part of a broader process. In yet othercases, the controller 126 may be implemented as a combination ofsoftware, firmware, hardware logic, and the like. In general, thecontroller 126 may be configured to control the EPL 122 and to activatevarious modes (e.g., private mode, transparent mode, etc.) that aredescribed in greater detail below. The controller may be operablycoupled to a voltage source (e.g., refer to FIGS. 4A-4C and 5A-5B) andconfigured to send a control signal to the voltage source including anindication of an amount of voltage to be applied to portions (e.g., theelectrodes discussed in greater detail below, etc.) of the EPL 122.

The memory device 106 can include random access memory (RAM), read onlymemory (ROM), flash memory, or any other suitable memory systems. Forexample, the memory device 106 may include dynamic random access memory(DRAM). The memory device 106 can include random access memory (RAM)(e.g., static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory(DRAM), zero capacitor RAM, Silicon-Oxide-Nitride-Oxide-Silicon SONOS,embedded DRAM, extended data out RAM, double data rate (DDR) RAM,resistive random access memory (RRAM), parameter random access memory(PRAM), etc.), read only memory (ROM) (e.g., Mask ROM, programmable readonly memory (PROM), erasable programmable read only memory (EPROM),electrically erasable programmable read only memory (EEPROM), etc.),flash memory, or any other suitable memory systems.

The processor device 102 may be a main processor that is adapted toexecute the stored instructions. The processor device 102 may be asingle core processor, a multi-core processor, a computing cluster, orany number of other configurations. The processor device 102 may beimplemented as Complex Instruction Set Computer (CISC) or ReducedInstruction Set Computer (RISC) processors, x86 Instruction setcompatible processors, multi-core, or any other microprocessor orcentral processing unit (CPU). The processor device 102 may be connectedthrough a system bus 128 (e.g., Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI),Industry Standard Architecture (ISA), PCI-Express, HyperTransport®,NuBus, etc.) to components including the memory 106 and the storagedevice 104. The processor device 102 may also be linked through the bus128 to the display driver 116 and the display interface 118 andconfigured to connect the computing device 100 to the display device 110via the display interface 118.

In some cases, the computing device 100 may be a mobile computingdevice. In some cases, the display device 110 may be a mobile displaydevice to a mobile computing device. As noted above, the display device110 may incorporated into the computing device 100 and/or may beseparate from the computing device 100. Furthermore, it is noted, thedisplay stack 120 may typically include many additional layers thanthose depicted here. For example, the display stack 120 may includevarious touch sensitive layer (e.g., capacitive, or the like), diffusivelayers, pressure layers, tape layers, adhesive layers, light guide panellayers, backlight layers, etc. Examples are not limited in this context.

FIGS. 2A-2B illustrate block diagrams of a side view of an exampleembodiment of the display stack 120 during and transparent mode 202 anda private mode 204. In particular, FIG. 2A depicts the display stack 120when the micro louvers are “off” (e.g., refer to FIG. 3A) therebyallowing both on-angle and off-angle light emitted from the displaylayer 124 to pass through the EPL layer 122 while FIG. 2B depicts thedisplay stack 120 when the micro louvers are “on” (e.g., refer to FIG.3B) thereby allowing on-angle light emitted from the display layer 124to pass through the EPL layer 122 but inhibiting off-angle light emittedfrom the display layer 124 from passing through the EPL layer 122.

Turning more specifically to FIG. 2A, the display stack 120 is depictedwith the display layer 124 disposed below the EPL layer 122.Additionally, a touch sensitive layer 210 is depicted. In particular,the touch sensitive layer 210 is depicted as part of the display stack120 to illustrate how touch actions may not interfere with the EPL 122.More specifically, the EPL 122 may activate either privacy ortransparent mode while still enabling touch features of the displaydevice 110.

The display layer 124 is depicted including a light source 220. It is tobe appreciated, that the display layer 120 and the light source 220 maycorrespond to a variety of different display technologies, such as, forexample, OLED, backlit LCD, plasma, or the like. As such, the depictionherein of the light source 220 and the display layer 120 is not to belimiting, but is instead simplified to show on-angle light 222 andoff-angle light 224 emitted from the display layer 120.

During the transparent mode 202, both the on-angle light 222 and theoff-angle light 224 may pass through the EPL layer 122 substantiallyuninhibited. Furthermore, the touch screen functionality may also besubstantially uninhibited.

Turning more specifically to FIG. 2B, the display stack 120 shown inFIG. 2A is depicted in the private mode 204. As depicted, the on-anglelight 222 emitted from the display layer 120 and the light source 220may pass through the EPL 122 while the off-angle light 224 may beinhibited from passing through the EPL 122. More specifically, the microlouvers may be configured to absorb and diffuse the off-angle light 224.As depicted, touch screen functionality may also be substantiallyuninhibited, even in private mode 204.

FIGS. 3A-3B illustrate block diagrams of a side view of an exampleembodiment of the EPL 122 during the transparent mode 202 and theprivate mode 204. In particular, FIG. 3A depicts the EPL 122 during thetransparent mode 202 while FIG. 3B depicts the EPL 122 during theprivacy mode 204. Turning more specifically to FIG. 3A, the EPL 122includes a transparent top plate 302 and a transparent bottom plate 304.Additionally, the EPL 122 includes a number of top electrodes 306 and anumber of bottom electrodes 308. It is noted, that the number ofelectrodes depicted in these figures are shown at a number to facilitateunderstanding and preserve clarity. However, in practice, an EPL, suchas the EPL 122, may be implemented with any number of electrodes.Examples are not limited in this context. Furthermore, the EPL 122includes dielectric material 310. The dielectric material 310 maycomprise various polymers that can be switched to absorb and/or diffuseoff-angle light incident on the portion of the polymer that isactivated. For example, the dielectric material 310 may be opticallyanisotropic birefringence polymer, an electrically anisotropicdielectric polymer, or an optically anisotropic birefringence andelectrically anisotropic dielectric polymer. In some examples, thepolymer may be configured such that off-angle viewing of the displaydevice results in a colored (e.g., gray, red, black, blue, or the like)display.

During the transparent mode 202, the dielectric material 310 is biasedsuch that both on-angle light 222 and off-angle light 224 passes fromthe display layer (e.g., refer to FIGS. 2A-2B) through the EPL 122.Turning more specifically to FIG. 3B, during a privacy mode, thedielectric material 310 is biased to form micro louvers 312 between thetop electrodes 306 and the bottom electrodes 308. More specifically, theportion 314 of the dielectric material 312 between the top electrodes306 and the bottom electrodes 308 is biased to form an “optical wall”that absorbs and/or diffuses incident light to inhibit the transmissionof off-angle light 224 through the EPL 122 while substantially notinhibiting the transmission of on-angle light 222 through the EPL 122.

In general, the dielectric material 310 may include a number ofanisotropic birefringence material, such as, for example, liquidcrystals, polymer-dispersed liquid crystals (not shown). This dielectricmaterial has a normal state and an active state. In general, a magneticfield (e.g., resulting from a voltage differential, or a potentialdifference between the top electrodes 306 and the bottom electrodes 308)may cause the liquid crystals to twist (or untwist). Accordingly, avoltage may be applied to the EPL 122, and particularly, to the topelectrodes 306 and the bottom electrodes 308, to cause a voltagedifferential to exists between the top and bottom electrodes. As aresult, a magnetic field may be created between the electrodes to “bias”the dielectric material 310 into a desired state.

With some examples, the dielectric material 310 may have a normal,unbiased state that absorbs and diffuses all incident light (e.g., bothon-angle light 222 and off-angle light 226). In some examples, thedielectric material 310 may have a normal, unbiased state that transmitsall incident light (e.g., both on-angle light 222 and off-angle light226). In general, an example EPL where the normal unbiased state of thedielectric material absorbs and diffuses all incident light is givenwith respect to FIGS. 4A-4C while an example EPL where the normalunbiased state of the dielectric material transmits all incident lightis given with respect to FIGS. 5A-5C.

Turning more specifically to FIG. 4A, an example EPL 400 is depicted. Insome examples, the EPL 400 may be implemented as the EPL 122 of thedisplay device 110 described above. This figure depicts the EPL 400 inan off mode 401. As depicted, the EPL 400 has a voltage source 430operably coupled to the top electrodes 406 and the bottom electrodes408. Furthermore, EPL 400 includes dielectric material 410 with anunbiased state that absorbs and diffuses all incident light.Accordingly, when the voltage source 430 is “off,” or that is, notapplying voltage to the top electrodes 406 and bottom electrodes 408,the dielectric material 410 may remain in the unbiased state andthereby, absorb and diffuse all incident light (e.g., both on-anglelight 222 and off-angle light 224). More specifically, the dielectricmaterial 410 may be biased as described above such that substantiallyall portions of the dielectric material form micro louvers (e.g., 312,or the like).

Turning to FIG. 4B, the EPL 400 is depicted in a privacy mode 403. TheEPL 400 may be placed in the privacy mode 403 by the voltage source 430applying voltage to the electrodes to create a potential differencebetween them, thereby creating a magnetic field strong enough to bias(e.g., twist) the dielectric material 410 between the top electrodes 406and the bottom electrodes 408. As such, micro louvers 412 are formedalong the EPL 400. More particularly, portions of the dielectricmaterial not located between the electrodes remains in the normalunbiased state while portions of the dielectric material between theelectrodes are biased. As such, the micro louvers 412 are realized. Themicro louvers 412 absorb and diffuse light incident on the micro louvers412. As such, on-angle light 222 is transmitted through the EPL 400while off-angle light 224 is absorbed and diffused by the micro louvers412.

Turning to FIG. 4C, the EPL 400 is depicted in a transparent mode 405.The EPL 400 may be placed in the transparent mode 405 by the voltagesource 430 applying voltage to the electrodes to create a potentialdifference between them, thereby creating a magnetic field strong enoughto bias (e.g., twist) the liquid crystals within the dielectric material410 between the top electrodes 406 and the bottom electrodes 408 as wellas the dielectric material 410 located horizontally to the electrodes.Said differently, a sufficiently strong voltage is applied to theelectrodes to cause all the dielectric material 410 to be biased. Assuch, no micro louvers 412 are created along the EPL 400. Saiddifferently, substantially all of the dielectric material 410 is biasedto transmit light. Accordingly, both on-angle light 222 and off-anglelight 224 is transmitted through the EPL 400.

As noted above, the controller 126 may be coupled to the voltage source430 and configured to send a control signal to the voltage source 430 tocause the voltage source 430 to create a potential different (e.g.,voltage potential, etc.) between the top electrodes 406 and the bottomelectrodes 408. In some examples, the controller 126 may be configuredto activate privacy mode 403 or transparent mode 405 based on thepresence of one or more conditions. The conditions may include storeduser settings, content of images to be displayed at the display device110, contextual data indicating an environment within which the displaydevice 110 is disposed, or the like. For example, some image content maybe marked as private and the controller 126 may activate the privacymode 403 of the EPL 400 may be activated when it is to be displayed atthe display layer 124. In some cases, certain applications may beassociated with image content that is desired to be privately viewed. Inthis scenario, the privacy mode 403 may be activate during an entireperiod a given application is open. Further, in some cases, anenvironment of the display device 110 may include many people, and theprivacy mode 403 may be activated to preserve privacy of the imagesbeing displayed. Detection of contextual data of the environment may bedone by various sensors, such as ambient light sensors, cameras,thermometers, and the like, or any other software or firmware operationscapable of detecting contextual data. In yet other cases, a user profilemay indicate a preference for when to activate the privacy mode 403 orthe transparent mode 405 based on any combination of the conditionsdescribed above.

For example, for the ELP 400, privacy mode 403 corresponds to a loweramount of current requirement than does transparent mode 405. As such,the privacy mode 403 may be activated as a default and the transparentmode 405 only activated based on one or more conditions (e.g., userselection, detection of off-angle users, detection of specific media orimages to be displayed, or the like).

As noted, with some examples, an EPL may be provided where the normalunbiased state of the dielectric material transmits all incident light.Turning more specifically to FIG. 5A, the EPL 500 is depicted. In someexamples, the EPL 500 may be implemented as the EPL 122 of the displaydevice 110 described above. This figure depicts the EPL 500 intransparent mode 505. As depicted, the EPL 500 has a voltage source 530operably coupled to the top electrodes 506 and the bottom electrodes508. Furthermore, EPL 500 includes dielectric material 510 with anunbiased state that transmits all incident light. Accordingly, when thevoltage source 530 is “off,” or that is, not applying voltage to the topelectrodes 506 and bottom electrodes 508, the crystals in the dielectricmaterial 410 may remain in the unbiased state and thereby, transmit allincident light (e.g., both on-angle light 222 and off-angle light 224).

Turning more specifically to FIG. 5B, the EPL 500 is depicted in aprivacy mode 503. The EPL 500 may be placed in the privacy mode 503 bythe voltage source 530 applying voltage to the electrodes to create apotential difference between them, thereby creating a magnetic fieldstrong enough to bias (e.g., twist) the dielectric material 510 betweenthe top electrodes 506 and the bottom electrodes 508. As such, microlouvers 512 are created along the EPL 500. More particularly, portionsof the dielectric material located between the electrodes are activated(e.g., biased, twisted, etc.) to form the micro louvers 512. The microlouvers 512 absorb and diffuse light incident on the micro louvers 512.As such, on-angle light 222 is transmitted through the EPL 500 whileoff-angle light 224 is absorbed and diffused by the micro louvers 512.

FIGS. 6A-6B, 7A-7B and 8A-8B illustrates block diagrams of top views ofexample electrode plate pairs that can be implemented to form electrodesin EPLs. For example, the depicted electrode plate pairs can beimplemented to form electrodes for EPLs 122, 400 or 500. Morespecifically, one plate from a plate pair can be implemented as one ofthe top or bottom electrodes while the other plate from the pair can beimplemented as the other top or bottom electrode. FIGS. 6A-6B depict anexample plate pair 600 comprising patterned electrodes and associatedbridges; FIGS. 7A-7B depict an example plate pair 700 comprising apatterned top electrode and solid bottom electrode; and FIGS. 8A-8Bdepicts an example plate pair 800 comprising patterned electrodes andbridges. It is noted, that the plate pairs are depicted without voltageconductors for purposes of clarity. However, it is noted that voltageconductors can be provides to apply a voltage potential to the depictedelectrodes. In some examples, the top plate of a plate pair can comprisedriving electrodes while the bottom plate of a plate pair can comprisecommon electrodes. In other examples, the top plate of a plate pair cancomprise common electrodes while the bottom plate of a plate pair cancomprise driving electrodes. Furthermore, in some examples, a voltageinput conductors and a common voltage conductor can be provided on oneplate while the other plate is electrically coupled to one of thevoltage conductors (e.g., driving, common, or the like) through aseparate conductor (e.g., a through via, or the like). Additionally,plates in a pair can be provided with electrodes disposed parallel, orperpendicular, to the electrodes of each plate. Examples are not limitedin this context.

Turning more particularly to FIG. 6A, a first plate 600-1 of plate pair600 is depicted including electrodes 610. As depicted, the electrodes610 are disposed parallel to each other, but spaced apart a specifieddistance 611. Additionally, the electrodes 610 are periodicallyelectrically coupled via bridges 612. In general, bridges 612 provide amore uniform resistance difference across the entire plate as opposed tounbridged electrodes, (e.g., electrodes 610 without bridges 612).

Turning more particularly to FIG. 6B, a second plate 600-2 of plate pair600 is depicted including electrodes 620. As depicted, the electrodes620 are disposed parallel to each other, but spaced apart a specifieddistance 621. Additionally, the electrodes 610 are periodicallyelectrically coupled via bridges 622. In general, bridges 622 provide amore uniform resistance difference across the entire plate as opposed tounbridged electrodes (e.g., electrodes 620 without bridges 622).

In some examples, plates 600-1 and 600-2 can be formed via an electrodepatterning process (e.g., lithographic process, etching process, or thelike) to form electrodes 610 and 620, respectively. The electrodes 610and/or 620 as well as the bridges 612 and/or 622 can be formed from avariety of transparent conductive materials, such as, for example, ITO,AgNW, or the like.

In some examples, a plate pair can be provided with one plate having aset of patterned electrode and bridges and the other plate having asingle transparent electrode. Turning more particularly to FIG. 7A, afirst plate 700-1 of plate pair 700 is depicted including electrodes710. As depicted, the electrodes 710 are disposed parallel to eachother, but spaced apart a specified distance 711. Additionally, theelectrodes 710 are periodically electrically coupled via bridges 712. Ingeneral, bridges 712 provide a more uniform resistance difference acrossthe entire plate as opposed to unbridged electrodes, (e.g., electrodes710 without bridges 712). In some examples, electrodes 710 and bridges712 of plate 700-1 can be formed via an electrode patterning process(e.g., lithographic process, etching process, or the like).

Turning more particularly to FIG. 7B, a second plate 700-2 of plate pair700 is depicted including a single solid transparent electrode 730. Insome examples, plate pair 700 can be provided to reduce or eliminatedegradation of display characteristics due to overlapping electrodes andbridges. For example, plate pair 700 can be provided to increase a lightintensity or reduce image blurring due to misalignment of electrodes andbridges during manufacturing or assembly of a display comprising theplate pair.

In some examples, a plate pair can be provided with each plate having aset of patterned electrode and bridges. Turning more particularly toFIG. 8A, a first plate 800-1 of plate pair 800 is depicted includingelectrodes 810. As depicted, the electrodes 810 are disposed parallel toeach other, but spaced apart a specified distance 811. Additionally, theelectrodes 810 are periodically electrically coupled via bridges 812. Ingeneral, bridges 812 provide a more uniform resistance difference acrossthe entire plate as opposed to unbridged electrodes, (e.g., electrodes810 without bridges 812). In some examples, electrodes 810 and bridges812 of plate 800-1 can be formed via an electrode patterning process(e.g., lithographic process, etching process, or the like).

Turning more particularly to FIG. 8B, a second plate 800-2 of plate pair800 is depicted including electrodes 820. As depicted, the electrodes820 are disposed parallel to each other, but spaced apart a specifieddistance 821. Additionally, the electrodes 820 are periodicallyelectrically coupled via bridges 822. In general, bridges 822 provide amore uniform resistance difference across the entire plate as opposed tounbridged electrodes, (e.g., electrodes 820 without bridges 822). Insome examples, electrodes 820 and bridges 822 of plate 800-1 can beformed via an electrode patterning process (e.g., lithographic process,etching process, or the like). In some examples, electrodes 820 andbridges 822 of plate 800-2 can be formed via an electrode patterningprocess (e.g., lithographic process, etching process, or the like).

FIG. 9 illustrates a logic flow 900 for configuring a privacy mode or atransparent mode of a display device including an EPL as describedherein. In some examples, the method 900 may be implemented by thecontroller 126 described above. However, embodiments are not limited inthis context. The logic flow 900 may begin at block 910. At block 1210“identify a condition to activate a privacy mode or a transparent modeof a display device,” the controller 126 may identify a condition, suchas, displayed media and a corresponding privacy mode or transparent modedesired for the displayed media.

Continuing to block 920 “send a control signal, based on the identifiedcondition, to a voltage source to cause the voltage source to apply avoltage to first electrodes disposed parallel to each other andelectrically coupled at a plurality of points via a number of bridges tocreate a potential difference between the first electrodes and a secondelectrode, the first electrodes and the second electrode disposed in anelectroactive privacy layer of a display device, the potentialdifference to form a plurality of micro louvers in a dielectric materialdisposed between the first electrodes and the second electrode, theplurality of micro louvers to restrict a propagation direction of lightemission associated with the display device,” the controller may send acontrol signal to a voltage source (e.g., the voltage source 430, 530,or the like). The control signal to include an indication to applyvoltage to electrodes in the EPL to cause the EPL to form (or not formas may be the case) micro louvers.

FIG. 10 illustrates an embodiment of a storage medium 2000. The storagemedium 2000 may comprise an article of manufacture. In some examples,the storage medium 2000 may include any non-transitory computer readablemedium or machine readable medium, such as an optical, magnetic orsemiconductor storage. The storage medium 2000 may store various typesof computer executable instructions e.g., 2002). For example, thestorage medium 2000 may store various types of computer executableinstructions to implement technique 900.

Examples of a computer readable or machine readable storage medium mayinclude any tangible media capable of storing electronic data, includingvolatile memory or non-volatile memory, removable or non-removablememory, erasable or non-erasable memory, writeable or re-writeablememory, and so forth. Examples of computer executable instructions mayinclude any suitable type of code, such as source code, compiled code,interpreted code, executable code, static code, dynamic code,object-oriented code, visual code, and the like. The examples are notlimited in this context.

FIG. 11 is a diagram of an exemplary system embodiment and inparticular, depicts a platform 3000, which may include various elements.For instance, this figure depicts that platform (system) 3000 mayinclude a processor/graphics core 3002, a chipset (chipset) 3004, aninput/output (I/O) device 3006, a random access memory (RAM) (such asdynamic RAM (DRAM)) 3008, and a read only memory (ROM) 3010, displayelectronics 3020, display 3022 (e.g., including an EPL, the EPL 122, theEPL 400, the EPL 500, or the like), and various other platformcomponents 3014 (e.g., a fan, a cross flow blower, a heat sink, DTMsystem, cooling system, housing, vents, and so forth). System 3000 mayalso include wireless communications chip 3016 and graphics device 3018.The embodiments, however, are not limited to these elements. In someexamples, platform 3000 can be implemented as a System-on-Chip (SoC).

As depicted, I/O device 3006, RAM 3008, and ROM 3010 are coupled toprocessor 3002 by way of chipset 3004. Chipset 3004 may be coupled toprocessor 3002 by a bus 3012. Accordingly, bus 3012 may include multiplelines.

Processor 3002 may be a central processing unit comprising one or moreprocessor cores and may include any number of processors having anynumber of processor cores. The processor 3002 may include any type ofprocessing unit, such as, for example, CPU, multi-processing unit, areduced instruction set computer (RISC), a processor that have apipeline, a complex instruction set computer (CISC), digital signalprocessor (DSP), and so forth. In some embodiments, processor 3002 maybe multiple separate processors located on separate integrated circuitchips. In some embodiments processor 3002 may be a processor havingintegrated graphics, while in other embodiments processor 3002 may be agraphics core or cores.

Some embodiments may be described using the expression “one embodiment”or “an embodiment” along with their derivatives. These terms mean that aparticular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connectionwith the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment. Theappearances of the phrase “in one embodiment” in various places in thespecification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment.Further, some embodiments may be described using the expression“coupled” and “connected” along with their derivatives. These terms arenot necessarily intended as synonyms for each other. For example, someembodiments may be described using the terms “connected” and/or“coupled” to indicate that two or more elements are in direct physicalor electrical contact with each other. The term “coupled,” however, mayalso mean that two or more elements are not in direct contact with eachother, but yet still co-operate or interact with each other.Furthermore, aspects or elements from different embodiments may becombined.

It is emphasized that the Abstract of the Disclosure is provided toallow a reader to quickly ascertain the nature of the technicaldisclosure. It is submitted with the understanding that it will not beused to interpret or limit the scope or meaning of the claims. Inaddition, in the foregoing Detailed Description, it can be seen thatvarious features are grouped together in a single embodiment for thepurpose of streamlining the disclosure. This method of disclosure is notto be interpreted as reflecting an intention that the claimedembodiments require more features than are expressly recited in eachclaim. Rather, as the following claims reflect, inventive subject matterlies in less than all features of a single disclosed embodiment. Thusthe following claims are hereby incorporated into the DetailedDescription, with each claim standing on its own as a separateembodiment. In the appended claims, the terms “including” and “in which”are used as the plain-English equivalents of the respective terms“comprising” and “wherein,” respectively. Moreover, the terms “first,”“second,” “third,” and so forth, are used merely as labels, and are notintended to impose numerical requirements on their objects.

What has been described above includes examples of the disclosedarchitecture. It is, of course, not possible to describe everyconceivable combination of components and/or methodologies, but one ofordinary skill in the art may recognize that many further combinationsand permutations are possible. Accordingly, the novel architecture isintended to embrace all such alterations, modifications and variationsthat fall within the spirit and scope of the appended claims. Thedetailed disclosure now turns to providing examples that pertain tofurther embodiments. The examples provided below are not intended to belimiting.

Example 1

An apparatus for a display stack of an active privacy screen display,the apparatus comprising: a plurality of top electrodes; a plurality oftop bridges, each one of the plurality of top bridges to electricallycouple at least two of the plurality of top electrodes at a point alonga length of the at least two of the plurality of top electrodes; atleast one bottom electrode; and a dielectric material disposed betweenthe plurality of top electrodes and the at least one bottom electrode,the plurality of top electrodes and the at least one bottom electrode toactivate portions of the dielectric material to form a plurality ofmicro louvers, the plurality of micro louvers to restrict a propagationdirection of light emission associated with the display device.

Example 2

The apparatus of example 1, the plurality of micro louvers to absorblight incident on the plurality of micro louvers, to scatter lightincident on the plurality of micro louvers, or to absorb and scatterlight incident on the plurality of micro louvers.

Example 3

The apparatus of example 1, the electroactive privacy layer comprising:a transparent top plate, the plurality of top electrodes disposed on thetransparent top plate; and a transparent bottom plate, the at least onebottom electrode disposed on the transparent bottom plate, thedielectric material disposed between the transparent top plate and thetransparent bottom plate.

Example 4

The apparatus of example 1, comprising: a plurality of bottomelectrodes, the at least one bottom electrode one of the plurality ofbottom electrodes; and a plurality of bottom bridges, each one of theplurality of bottom bridges to electrically couple at least two of theplurality of bottom electrodes at a point along a length of the at leasttwo of the plurality of bottom electrodes.

Example 5

The apparatus of example 4, the plurality of top electrodes disposedsubstantially parallel to each other in a first direction and theplurality of bottom electrodes disposed substantially parallel to eachother in a second direction.

Example 6

The apparatus of example 5, the first direction substantially parallelto the second direction.

Example 7

The apparatus of example 6, the first direction substantiallyperpendicular to the second direction.

Example 8

The apparatus of any one of examples 1 to 7, the dielectric material anultraviolet light curable solid material.

Example 9

The apparatus of any one of examples 1 to 7, comprising a seal disposedbetween the transparent top plate and the transparent bottom plate toretain the dielectric material between the transparent top plate and thetransparent bottom plate.

Example 10

The apparatus of any one of examples 1 to 7, the dielectric materialcomprises electrically anisotropic dielectric polymer.

Example 11

The apparatus of any one of examples 1 to 7, the propagation directioncorresponding to off-angle light emitted from a display stack of thedisplay device.

Example 12

The apparatus of any one of examples 1 to 7, comprising: a power supplyoperably coupled to the plurality of top and the plurality of bottomelectrodes; and a controller, the controller to send a control signal tothe power supply to cause the power supply to create a voltagedifferential between the plurality of top electrodes and the pluralityof bottom electrodes, the voltage differential to activate the portionsof the dielectric material to form the plurality of micro louvers.

Example 13

The apparatus of any one of examples 1 to 7, comprising a display stack.

Example 14

The apparatus of example 13, the display stack comprising one or more ofa touch layer, a pressure layer, a protective layer, a liquid crystaldisplay layer, a backlight layer, a light guide panel layer, and adisplay carrier layer.

Example 15

A system, comprising: a display stack for a display device, the displaystack comprising: an electroactive privacy layer comprising: a pluralityof top electrodes; a plurality of top bridges, each one of the pluralityof top bridges to electrically couple at least two of the plurality oftop electrodes at a point along a length of the at least two of theplurality of top electrodes; at least one bottom electrode; and adielectric material disposed between the plurality of top electrodes andthe at least one bottom electrode, the plurality of top electrodes andthe at least one bottom electrode to activate portions of the dielectricmaterial to form a plurality of micro louvers, the plurality of microlouvers to restrict a propagation direction of light emission associatedwith the display device.

Example 16

The system of example 15, the display stack comprising a display layerdisposed below the electroactive privacy layer, the plurality of microlouvers to restrict the propagation direction of light emitted from thedisplay layer.

Example 17

The system of example 16, the propagation direction corresponding tooff-angle light emitted from the display layer.

Example 18

The system of example 15, the plurality of micro louvers to absorb lightincident on the plurality of micro louvers, to scatter light incident onthe plurality of micro louvers, or to absorb and scatter light incidenton the plurality of micro louvers.

Example 19

The system of example 15, the electroactive privacy layer comprising: atransparent top plate, the plurality of top electrodes disposed on thetransparent top plate; and a transparent bottom plate, the at least onebottom electrode disposed on the transparent bottom plate, thedielectric material disposed between the transparent top plate and thetransparent bottom plate.

Example 20

The system of example 15, comprising: a plurality of bottom electrodes,the at least one bottom electrode one of the plurality of bottomelectrodes; and a plurality of bottom bridges, each one of the pluralityof bottom bridges to electrically couple at least two of the pluralityof bottom electrodes at a point along a length of the at least two ofthe plurality of bottom electrodes.

Example 21

The system of example 20, the plurality of top electrodes disposedsubstantially parallel to each other in a first direction and theplurality of bottom electrodes disposed substantially parallel to eachother in a second direction.

Example 22

The system of example 21, the first direction substantially parallel tothe second direction or the first direction substantially perpendicularto the second direction.

Example 23

The system of example 15, the dielectric material comprises electricallyanisotropic dielectric polymer.

Example 24

The system of any one of examples 15 to 23, comprising: a power supplyoperably coupled to the plurality of top and the plurality of bottomelectrodes; and a controller, the controller to send a control signal tothe power supply to cause the power supply to create a voltagedifferential between the plurality of top electrodes and the pluralityof bottom electrodes, the voltage differential to activate the portionsof the dielectric material to form the plurality of micro louvers.

Example 25

The system of any one of examples 15 to 23, the display stack comprisingone or more of a touch layer, a pressure layer, a protective layer, aliquid crystal display layer, a backlight layer, a light guide panellayer, and a display carrier layer.

Example 27

At least one computer-readable storage medium comprising instructionsthat, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to: send acontrol signal to a voltage source to cause the voltage source to applya voltage to a first plurality of electrodes to create a potentialdifference between the first plurality of electrodes and at least onesecond electrode, each of the first plurality of electrodes electricallycoupled to another electrode of the plurality of electrodes along alength of the electrodes via a plurality of bridges, the first pluralityof electrodes and the at least one second electrode disposed in anelectroactive privacy layer of a display device, the potentialdifference to form a plurality of micro louvers in a dielectric materialdisposed between the first plurality of electrodes and the at least onesecond electrode, the plurality of micro louvers to restrict apropagation direction of light emission associated with the displaydevice.

Example 28

The at least one computer-readable storage medium of example 27, theplurality of micro louvers to absorb light incident on the plurality ofmicro louvers, to scatter light incident on the plurality of microlouvers, or to absorb and scatter light incident on the plurality ofmicro louvers.

Example 29

The at least one computer-readable storage medium of example 27, theelectroactive privacy layer comprising: a transparent top plate, thefirst plurality of electrodes disposed on the transparent top plate; anda transparent bottom plate, the at least one second electrode disposedon the transparent bottom plate, the dielectric material disposedbetween the transparent top plate and the transparent bottom plate.

Example 30

The at least one computer-readable of example 27, the electroactiveprivacy layer comprising: a plurality of bottom electrodes; and aplurality of bottom bridges, each one of the plurality of bottom bridgesto electrically couple at least two of the plurality of bottomelectrodes at a point along a length of the at least two of theplurality of bottom electrodes.

Example 31

The at least one computer-readable storage medium of example 29, thefirst plurality of electrodes disposed substantially parallel to eachother in a first direction and the second plurality of electrodesdisposed substantially parallel to each other in a second direction.

Example 32

The at least one computer-readable storage medium of example 31, thefirst direction substantially parallel to the second direction or thefirst direction substantially perpendicular to the second direction.

Example 33

The at least one computer-readable storage medium of example 27, thedielectric material comprises electrically anisotropic dielectricpolymer.

Example 34

The at least one computer-readable storage medium of example 27, thepropagation direction corresponding to off-angle light emitted from thedisplay device.

Example 35

A method comprising: sending a control signal to a voltage source tocause the voltage source to apply a voltage to a first plurality ofelectrodes to create a potential difference between the first pluralityof electrodes and at least one second electrode, each of the firstplurality of electrodes electrically coupled to another electrode of theplurality of electrodes along a length of the electrodes via a pluralityof bridges, the first plurality of electrodes and the at least onesecond electrode disposed in an electroactive privacy layer of a displaydevice, the potential difference to form a plurality of micro louvers ina dielectric material disposed between the first plurality of electrodesand the at least one second electrode, the plurality of micro louvers torestrict a propagation direction of light emission associated with thedisplay device.

Example 36

The method of example 35, the plurality of micro louvers to absorb lightincident on the plurality of micro louvers, to scatter light incident onthe plurality of micro louvers, or to absorb and scatter light incidenton the plurality of micro louvers.

Example 37

The method of example 35, the electroactive privacy layer comprising: atransparent top plate, the first plurality of electrodes disposed on thetransparent top plate; and a transparent bottom plate, the secondplurality of electrodes disposed on the transparent bottom plate, thedielectric material disposed between the transparent top plate and thetransparent bottom plate.

Example 38

The method of example 35, the electroactive privacy layer comprising: aplurality of bottom electrodes; and a plurality of bottom bridges, eachone of the plurality of bottom bridges to electrically couple at leasttwo of the plurality of bottom electrodes at a point along a length ofthe at least two of the plurality of bottom electrodes.

Example 39

The method of example 38, the first plurality of electrodes disposedsubstantially parallel to each other in a first direction and the secondplurality of electrodes disposed substantially parallel to each other ina second direction.

Example 40

The method of example 39, the first direction substantially parallel tothe second direction or the first direction substantially perpendicularto the second direction.

Example 41

The method of example 35, the dielectric material comprises electricallyanisotropic dielectric polymer.

Example 42

The method of example 35, the propagation direction corresponding tooff-angle light emitted from the display device.

Example 43

An apparatus comprising means to perform the method of any one ofexamples 35 to 42.

What is claimed is:
 1. An apparatus for an electroactive privacy layer,comprising: a plurality of top electrodes; at least one bridge toelectrically couple at least two of the plurality of top electrodes at apoint along a length of the at least two of the plurality of topelectrodes; at least one bottom electrode; and a dielectric materialdisposed between the plurality of top electrodes and the at least onebottom electrode and arranged to be biased from a first state to asecond state based on a voltage differential between the plurality oftop electrodes and the at least one bottom electrode.
 2. The apparatusof claim 1, the dielectric material to absorb incident light, to scatterincident light, or to absorb and scatter incident light in the firststate.
 3. The apparatus of claim 1, the dielectric material anultraviolet light curable solid material.
 4. The apparatus of claim 1,the dielectric material comprises electrically anisotropic dielectricpolymer.
 5. The apparatus of claim 1, the at least one bottom electrodecomprising a transparent conductive material.
 6. The apparatus of claim5, the plurality of top electrodes and the at least one bridgecomprising the transparent conductive material.
 7. The apparatus ofclaim 6, the transparent conductive material comprising at least one ofsilver nanowire (AgNW) or indium-tin-oxide (ITO).
 8. The apparatus ofclaim 1, comprising: a plurality of bottom electrodes, the at least onebottom electrode one of the plurality of bottom electrodes; and at leastone bottom bridge to electrically couple at least two of the pluralityof bottom electrodes at a point along a length of the at least two ofthe plurality of bottom electrodes.
 9. The apparatus of claim 8, theplurality of top electrodes disposed substantially parallel to eachother in a first direction and the plurality of bottom electrodesdisposed substantially parallel to each other in a second direction. 10.An apparatus for a privacy device, comprising: a plurality of topelectrodes; at least one bridge to electrically couple at least two ofthe plurality of top electrodes at a point along a length of the atleast two of the plurality of top electrodes; and at least one bottomelectrode, the plurality of top electrodes and the at least one bottomelectrode arranged to bias a dielectric material from a first state to asecond state based on a voltage differential between the plurality oftop electrodes and the at least one bottom electrode.
 11. The apparatusof claim 10, the dielectric material to absorb incident light, toscatter incident light, or to absorb and scatter incident light in thefirst state.
 12. The apparatus of claim 1, the at least one bottomelectrode comprising a transparent conductive material.
 13. Theapparatus of claim 12, the plurality of top electrodes and the at leastone bridge comprising the transparent conductive material.
 14. Theapparatus of claim 13, the transparent conductive material comprising atleast one of silver nanowire (AgNW) or indium-tin-oxide (ITO).
 15. Asystem, comprising: a voltage source; and a privacy layer, comprising: aplurality of top electrodes; at least one bridge to electrically coupleat least two of the plurality of top electrodes at a point along alength of the at least two of the plurality of top electrodes; at leastone bottom electrode; and a dielectric material disposed between theplurality of top electrodes and the at least one bottom electrode andarranged to be biased from a first state to a second state based on avoltage differential between the plurality of top electrodes and the atleast one bottom electrode.
 16. The system of claim 15, the dielectricmaterial to absorb incident light, to scatter incident light, or toabsorb and scatter incident light in the first state.
 17. The system ofclaim 15, the dielectric material an ultraviolet light curable solidmaterial.
 18. The system of claim 15, the dielectric material compriseselectrically anisotropic dielectric polymer.
 19. The system of claim 15,the at least one bottom electrode comprising a transparent conductivematerial and the plurality of top electrodes and the at least one bridgecomprising the transparent conductive material.
 20. The system of claim15, the voltage source comprising a power supply operate to couple tothe plurality of top electrodes and the at least one bottom electrodeand to apply the voltage differential between the plurality of topelectrodes and the at least one bottom electrode